Classification of computer | Basic computer |
COMPUTER BASIC
Classification of Computer
We see many Computers nearby, But they all are different from each other. In this article, we are going to know about the basics and classification of computers which included all the different types of computers.There are different classes of computer technology available these days. The functionality and data processing of each type of computer is different and output results as well.
However, the methods or techniques, Size, capacity, characteristics, and data handling of the data of each computer may be different too. Let’s Get to Know the "What are the Classifications of Computers System":-
- Classification on the Basis of Size and Capacity
- Classification on the Basis of purpose
- Classification on the Basis of Hardware Design and Type
Another topics...
-
Classification on the Basis of Size and Capacity
-
Micro Computer
The micro-computer is also recognized as a personal computer, these are comparatively economical. Micro-computers are small computers incorporating a micro-processor, Central Processing Unit (CPU), memory, storage area, an input unit and an output unit.
It is a general-purpose computer that is outlined for personal use. Such computers are made with minimum circutry mounting over a single circuit board. They are fit for personal work that may be making an assignment, at the office for office work, watching a movie, etc.
Example: Desktop, Laptop, tablets, smartphone, etc. -
Mini Computer
Mini-computers are comparatively smaller than mainframe computers or can say a mini-computer lies within the mainframe and micro-computer as it is smaller than the mainframe but larger than a micro-computer.
Mini-computers are digital and multi-user computer systems with the connection of more than one CPU. Thus, multiple users can woek in these computers simultaneously. Mini-frame computers are employed in institutes and work units for tasks such as billing, accounting and record management.
These computers came into the market in mid 1960s and were sold at a much cheaper price than the main frames, they were actually designed for control, instrumentation, human interaction,and communication switching as distinct from calculation and record keeping, later they became very popular for personal uses with evolution. In 60s to describe the samaller computers that became possible with the use of transistors and core memory technologies, minimal instructions sets and less expensive peripherals such as the ubiquitous Teletype Model 33 ASR. They usually took up one or a few inch rack cabinets, compared with the large mainframes that could fill a room, there was a new term "MINI-COMPUTERS" coined Eg: Personal Laptop, PC etc.
-
Mainframe Computer
Computers utilized by large organisations to manage bulk data are designated as Mainframe computers. Mainframe computers and multi-programming, high-performance and multi-user computers, which implies they can manage the workload of more than 100 users at a time on the computer.
The storage capability of the mainframe is enormous, with a high-speed data process as well. The main purpose of such a type of computer include managing customer statistics, census, and other heavy data in a single device.
Mainframe computers, therefore, are mainly employed by departmental and commercial organizarions like Banks, Scientific research centres, companies, and govermental departments like railways, paying employees, ticket booking, maintaining details of purchases by users, keeping detailed tax details, etc.
-
Super Computer
The super computers are the most high performing system. A super computer is a computer with a high level of performance compared to a general-purpose computer. The actual performance of a super computer is measured in FLOPS instead of MIPS. All of the world's fastest 500 super computers run Linux-based operating systems. Additional research is being conducted in China, the US, the EU, Taiwan and Japan to build even faster, more high performing and more technologically superior super computers.
Super computers actually play an impotant role in the field of computation, and are used for intensive computation tasks in various fields, including quantum mechanics, weather forecasting, climate research, oil and gas exploration, molecural modeling and physical simulations and also throughtout the history, super computers have been essential in the field of the cryptanalysis.
Eg: PARAM, jaguar, roadrunner.
-
Classification on the Basis of purpose
-
General Purpose
General computers are designed to perform various everyday tasks such as;
- Document preparation
- Finicial analysis
- Printing document
- Basic Input/Output functions
- Creating databases
- Data saving on a smaller scale
- Calculations with accuracy and consistency.
- General performing activities
The size, storage capacity and cost of such computers are essentially less. The capacity of these computer is limited in completing speciallized tasks. These may include basic calculators, laptops, desktop computers, mobile phone, etc. which can help individuals to meet their basic essential functions.
-
Special Purpose
When a computer is outlined specifically to perform a certain function, such type of computer is identified as a Special purpose computer. The size, storage capacity and cost of such computers principally depend on the nature and size of the work. The funtion of these computers are consistent with any particular task, that is these computers are designed to perform a particular or specialized task.
These types may include:
- Thermometers to test temperature
- Device used for examining climate charge
- Generators to manage electricity
- Large computers for IT companies
Examples of special purpose computers;
- Automatic teller machines (ATM)
- Traffic-control computers
- Surveillance equipment
- Weather-forecasting simulators
- Washing machines
- Military planes controlling computers
- Defence-oriented applications
- Oil-exploration systems
-
Classification on the Basis of Hardware Design and Type
-
Analog Computer
An analog computer is a computer which is used to process analog data. Analog computers store data in a continuous form of physical quantities and perform calculations with the help of measures. It is quite different from the digital computer,which makes use of symbolic numbers to represent results. Analog computers are excellent for situtions which require data to be measured directly without converting into numerals or codes. Analog computers, although available and used in industrial and scientific applications like control systems and aircarft, have been largely replaced by digital computers due to the wide range of complexities involed.
-
Digital Computer
digital computer, Computer capable of solving problems by processing information expressed in discrete form. By manipulating combinations of binary digits (see binary code), it can perform mathematical calculations, organize and analyze data, control industrial and other processes, and simulate dynamic systems such as global weather patterns. See also analog computer.
-
Hybrid Computer
A hybrid computer is a type of computer that offers the functionalities of both a digital and an analog computer. It is designed to include a working analog unit that is powerful for calcultions, yet has a readily available digital memory. In large industries and businesses, a hybrid computer can be used to incorporate logical operations as well as provide efficient processing of differential equations.
Hybrid computers are well known for their ability to blend analog and digital feature of computers. Advantages include the availability of both analog and digital computations within a single unit and an efficient processing speed. A hybrid computer is individually designed and integrated,taking into consideration the field of its application and processing requirements. A hybrid computer is constructed in such a way that its components make the device fast and accurate.
Comments
Post a Comment